Fig. 6

Preparation of biomass-derived CQDs using Bottom-up approaches. (a) Schematic representation using a porous MOF as the template through, (b) pyrolysis method, (c) acidic oxidation, and (d) hydrothermal treatment (Zhu et al. 2020). It was adapted with permission from (Zhu et al. 2020) Copyright (Abootalebi et al. 2020) American Chemical Society